LABOUR RIGHTS INDEX 2022

Trade Union
Indicator
Trade Union
Countries
LRI 2022
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lri 2022 Country Profiles

Russian Federation

Trade Union Indicator

The Labour Rights Index 2022 (LRI 2022) is a de-jure index covering 135 economies and structured around the working lifespan of a worker. In total, 46 questions or evaluation criteria are scored across 10 indicators. The overall score is calculated by taking the average of each indicator, with 100 being the highest possible score. The Index uses a rating system, ranging from “Total Lack of Decent Work” to “Decent Work”. The Labour Rights Index aims at an active contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals, by providing necessary (complementary) insights into de jure provisions on issues covered in particular by SDG8 (Decent Jobs), SDG 5 (Gender Equality), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) and SDG 16 (Strong Institutions). The Index is based on national labour legislation, applicable on 1 January 2022. The Index does not take into account COVID-19 related labour market measures in its scoring.

The Russian Federation’s overall score is 82 out of 100. The overall score for the Russian Federation is lower than the regional average observed across Eastern Europe (88). Within the Eastern European region, the highest score is observed for Greece (96).

Russian Federation ratified Convention No. 87 on Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise (1948) in 1956 and Convention No. 98 on the Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining (1949) in 1956.

Labour Rights Index 2022

82/100

LRI Country Score

50/100

Trade Union Indicator

27.45 %

Trade union density rate (%)

28.5 %

Collective bargaining coverage rate (%)

-

SDG indicator 8.8.2

-

ITUC Global Rights Index 2022 Ratings

Question

Answer

Score

Legal Basis

Violation

Does the law allow workers to form and join unions of their own choice?

Yes

1

§30 of the Constitution, 1993; §2 and 4 of the Federal law № 10-ФЗ, 1996

No Violation Found

Does the law allow workers to bargain collectively with employers through their representative unions?

No

0

§13 of the Federal law № 10-ФЗ, 1996; §36-37 and 41 of the Labour Code, 2001; USDOS CRHRP 2021

D

Does the law provide for the right to strike?

No

0

§14 of the Federal law № 10-ФЗ, 1996; §409-413 of the Labour Code, 2001; CEACR, C87, Obs. 2018

B

Does the law prohibit employers from terminating employment contracts of striking workers?

Yes

1

§37 of the Constitution, 1993; §14 of the Federal law № 10-ФЗ, 1996; §414 of the Labour Code, 2001

No Violation Found

Textual sources

A : National Law

National Labour Legislation

B : CEACR

CEACR: ILO Committee of Experts on Application of Conventions and Recommendations (latest report)

C : ITUC

ITUC: ITUC Global Rights Index 2022

D : USDOS

USDOS: US Department of States' Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2021

LRI Country Score
The Labour Rights Index has 10 indicators and 46 sub-indicators. The LRI Country score averages 10 indicators and ranges between 0 and 100. The lowest and highest scorers are Nigeria (29/100) and Belgium/Greece (96/100). https://labourrightsindex.org/  

Trade Union Indicator
The trade union indicator is composed of 4 sub-indicators. Scoring is done through the binary method (0 or 1). The score ranges between 0-100. 

Trade union density rate (%)
The trade union density rate conveys the number of union members who are employees as a percentage of the total number of employees in the country. For updated statistics on trade union density, please check ILOSTAT. 

Collective bargaining coverage rate (%)
The collective bargaining coverage rate conveys the number of employees whose pay and/or conditions of employment are determined by one or more collective agreement(s) as a percentage of the total number of employees in the country. For updated statistics on collective bargaining coverage, please check ILOSTAT. 

SDG indicator 8.8.2
SDG indicator 8.8.2 measures national compliance with fundamental labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining or FACB). It ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 being the best possible score (indicating higher levels of compliance with FACB rights) and 10 the worst (indicating lower levels of compliance with FACB rights). It is based on six ILO supervisory body textual sources and national legislation.
For an updated assessment on SDG indicator 8.8.2, please check ILOSTAT. 

ITUC Global Rights Index 2022 Ratings
The ITUC Global Rights Index depicts the world’s worst countries for workers by rating 148 countries on a scale from 1 to 5+ on the degree of respect for workers’ rights. Violations are recorded each year from April to March.  For a detailed description of ratings and methodology, please follow the link. 

To find an ITUC affiliate in your country, please check the LINK:

Violations

No Violation

Violations

US Department of States' Country Reports on Human Rights Practices 2021 (USDOS)
USDOS CRHRP 2021

The law places several restrictions on the right to bargain collectively. For example, only one collective bargaining agreement is permitted per enterprise, and only a union or group of unions representing at least one-half the workforce may bargain collectively. The law allows workers to elect representatives if there is no union. The law does not specify who has authority to bargain collectively when there is no trade union in an enterprise.

Violations

ILO Committee of Experts on Application of Conventions and Recommendations (CEACR)
CEACR, C87, Obs. 2018

Article 3 of the Convention. Right of workers’ organizations to organize their administration and activities. The Committee recalls that it had previously requested the Government to ensure that workers of municipal services as well as civil servants who did not exercise authority in the name of the State could exercise the right to strike. The Committee notes the Government’s explanation of the system of the civil service in the Russian Federation. The Government refers, in particular, to section 3(1) of the Law on State Civil Servants, which defines State Civil Service as a type of service carried out by citizens at their respective governmental positions aimed at executing the authority of various State bodies. Therefore, the prohibition of strikes in the civil service is necessary due to its specific functions, which should be uninterrupted to guarantee the exercise of the authority of various state bodies. The Government points out that this prohibition affects civil servants irrespective of the specific level and category of their position as all civil servants contribute individually and collectively towards the public aim of the civil service, through which the authority of the State is exercised. Likewise, the legislation prohibits the exercise of the right to strike by municipal civil servants, who exercise authority in the name of municipal bodies. While taking due note of this information, the Committee recalls the KTR’s previous indication that section 9 of the Law on State Civil Service divides the duties of the civil service into four categories and that far from all civil servants covered by the Law are “officials exercising authority in the name of the State”. Recalling that the right to strike may be restricted or prohibited only for public servants exercising authority in the name of the State, the Committee invites the Government to review, in consultation with the social partners, various categories of the State and municipal civil service with a view to identifying those that may fall outside of this narrowly interpreted category.

Violations

No Violation