69.5
67.5
69.5
Limited Access to Decent Work
80
80
60
50
60
100
100
40
100
25
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the legislation or collective negotiation set and determine the minimum wages in the country? | Yes | 1 | §27 of the Constitution of Egypt, 2014; §34 & 247 of the Labour Law 2003 |
Score on the Minimum Wage component improved due to revision of minimum wage after 1 January 2022.
|
| Does the law require regular and timely payment of wages? | Yes | 1 | §34-46 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require overtime compensation to be at least 125% of the regular hourly rate? | Yes | 1 | §85 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require any additional compensation for working on a weekly rest day? | Yes | 1 | §52 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require additional compensation for night work? | No | 0 | §1(g) & 85 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law stipulate general weekly working hours as 48 hours or lower? | Yes | 1 | §80 & 85 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law restrict maximum working hours, including overtime, to 56 hours per week? | No | 0 | §80 & 85 of the Labour Law 2003; §5 of the Decree 113 of 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require a paid weekly rest of at least 24 consecutive hours? | Yes | 1 | §81, 83-84 & 101 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require paid public holidays? | Yes | 1 | §52 of the Labour Law 2003; §1 of the Decree 112 of 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require at least three working weeks of paid annual leave? | Yes | 1 | §47-51 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law require a written employment contract or employment particulars to be given to a worker on commencement of employment? | Yes | 1 | §31-32 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law restrict the hiring of fixed-term contract workers? | No | 0 | § 104-106 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law limit the length of the probation period, including renewals, to three months? | Yes | 1 | §33 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require a 30-day notice period before employment contract termination? | No | 0 | §111 of the Labour Law, 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require severance pay at the rate of at least two weeks of wages for every year of service? | Yes | 1 | §198 & 201 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law require a four-month parental leave for parents? | Yes | 1 | §94 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require at least one week of paid paternity leave for fathers*? | No | 0 | No applicable legal provisions could be located | No Change |
| Does the law require flexible working arrangements* for workers with family responsibilities? | No | 0 | No applicable legal provisions could be located | No Change |
| Does the law require paid nursing breaks? | Yes | 1 | §93 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law prohibit inquiring about pregnancy during recruitment? | No | 0 | No applicable legal provisions could be located | No Change |
| Does the law require maternity leave of at least 14 weeks? | No | 0 | §11 of the Constitution of Egypt, 2014; §91 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require cash maternity benefits to be at least two-thirds (66.67%) of a worker's former wage? | Yes | 1 | §91 & 92 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require cash maternity benefits to be paid through a contributory social insurance or a universal benefits system or such benefits are an employer's liability? | Yes | 1 | §91 & 92 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law protect workers from dismissals during or on account of pregnancy? | Yes | 1 | §92 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law require employers to provide free personal protective equipment to workers? | Yes | 1 | §13 of the Constitution of Egypt, 2014; §211 & 212 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law require employers to train workers on health and safety Issues? | Yes | 1 | §211 & 215 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law restrict work that is prejudicial to the health of the mother or the child? | Yes | 1 | §90 of the Labour Law 2003, Law no. 12 for 1996 for the Code of the Child | No Change |
| Does the law provide for employment injury benefits in the event of an occupational accident or disease? | Yes | 1 | §45 & 46 of the Social Insurance Law, 2019 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law provide for an old age benefit? | Yes | 1 | §5 & 19 of the Social Insurance Law 2019; Law No. 99 of 2018 on Pension Increment | No Change |
| Does the law provide for survivors' benefits? | Yes | 1 | §7 of the Social Insurance Law 2019 | No Change |
| Does the law provide for unemployment benefits? | Yes | 1 | §5, 6 & 86 of the Social Insurance Law 2019; ISSA Country Profile for Egypt | No Change |
| Does the law require paid sick leave (and sickness benefits) for the first six months of sickness? | Yes | 1 | §54 of the Labour Law 2003; Health Insurance System Law No. 2 of 2018; §70 of the Social Insurance Law 2019 | No Change |
| Does the law provide for invalidity benefits? | Yes | 1 | Social Insurance Law 2019; ISSA Country Profile for Egypt | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law require equal remuneration for men and women workers for work of equal value? | No | 0 | §35 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law prohibit sexual harassment in employment? | Yes | 1 | §267, 269 & 306 of the Penal Code 1937 | No Change |
| Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment matters? | No | 0 | §9 &53 of the Constitution of Egypt, 2014; §35 of the Labour Law 2003; §20-24, 27 of Law No. 10 of 2018 (Rights of Persons with Disabilities) | No Change |
| Does the law allow women to do the same job as men? | No | 0 | § 89-90 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law guarantee basic labour protection to the platform workers? | Yes | 1 | §5, 6 & 86 of the Social Insurance Law 2019 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law prohibit the employment of children? | Yes | 1 | §98-103 of the Labour Law 2003; §64 of the Child Law, 1996 | No Change |
| Does the law set employment entry age equal to or higher than the compulsory schooling age? | Yes | 1 | §80 and 238 of the Constitution, 2014; §59(1) of the Child Law, 1996 | No Change |
| Does the law prohibit the employment of young persons in hazardous work under the age of 18 years? | Yes | 1 | §80 of the Constitution, 2014; §35 of the Ministry of Manpower Decree No 118 of 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law prohibit forced labour? | Yes | 1 | §89, Constitution, 2014; §291, Penal Code, 1937; §2–3, Law on Combating Human Trafficking, 2010 | No Change |
| Question | Answer | Score | Legal Basis | Trend |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Does the law allow workers to form and join unions of their own choice? | No | 0 | §76 & 77, Constitution 2014; Law No. 142 of 5 August 2019; CEACR, C87, Obs. 2023; ITUC Global Rights Index 2024 (Egypt Profile) | No Change |
| Does the law allow workers to bargain collectively with employers through their representative unions? | Yes | 1 | §13, Constitution of Egypt, 2014; §3,145-167, 179, 187, Labour Law 2003 | No Change |
| Does the law provide the right to strike? | No | 0 | §15, Constitution of Egypt 2014; §3, 192-195, Labour Law 2003; ITUC Global Rights Index 2024 (Egypt Profile) | No Change |
| Does the law prohibit imposing excessive sanctions against striking workers, including replacement of such workers? | No | 0 | §69(9) & 192 of the Labour Law 2003 | No Change |