LRI 2022 Turkey - CLR

tÜrkiye

2022 Score

82.5

Score Increase

2020 Score

80

Rating

Approaching
Decent Work

Fair
Wages

60

Decent
Working Hours

80

Employment
Security

80

Family
Responsibilities

100

Maternity
at Work

100

Safe
Work

100

Social
Security

100

Fair
Treatment

80

Child &
Forced Labour

75

Trade
Union

50

Fair Wages

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law prescribe minimum wage rates in the country?	Yes	1	§55 of the Constitution, 1982; §39 of the Labour Law, 2003 (4857)
Does the law require regular payment of wages?	Yes	1	§32-35 of Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require overtime compensation be at least 125% of the regular hourly rate?	Yes	1	§41 of Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require additional compensation for working on a weekly rest day?	No	0	§44, 47 & 76 of Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require additional compensation for night work?	No	0	§69 of Labour Law, 2003; Omnibus Law No. 6645

Decent Working Hours

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law stipulate general working hours as 48 hours or lower?	Yes	1	§41-43, 63 of Labour Law, 2003; Regulations on working time 2003; Regulations on overtime and extra hours, 2004
Does the law restrict maximum working hours including overtime to 56 hours per week?	Yes	1	§41 of Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require a weekly rest of at least 24 hours?	Yes	1	§46 of the Labour Law, 2003; §09 of the Regulations on working time, 2003
Does the law require paid public holidays?	Yes	1	§47 of Labour Law, 2003; Act 2429 of 19 March 1981
Does the law require at least three working weeks of paid annual leave?	No	0	§53-60 of Labour Law, 2003; Omnibus Law No. 6552

Employment Security

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law require written employment contracts or at least written employment particulars?	Yes	1	§8-14 of Labour Law, 2003; International Labour Force Law (No. 6735) of 2016
Does the law restrict the hiring of fixed-term contract workers?	No	0	§11 of Labour Law, 2003
Does the law limit the length of probation period including renewals to a maximum of 3 months?	Yes	1	§15 of Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require a 30-day notice before contract termination?	Yes	1	§17, 24-26 of the Labour Law, 2003; 42-52 of Circular by the Social Security Institution
Does the law require severance pay at the rate of at least 2 weeks of wages for every year of service?	Yes	1	Transitional §6 of Labour Law, 2003; §14 of the Labour Act No. 1475, 1971

Family Responsibilities

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law require parental leave for parents?	Yes	1	Additional §2 of the Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require at least one week of paid paternity leave for fathers?	Yes	1	§2 of the Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require flexible work arrangements for workers with family responsibilities?	Yes	1	§63 & 88 of the Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require paid nursing breaks?	Yes	1	§74 of the Labour Law, 2003

Maternity at Work

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law prohibits inquiring about pregnancy during recruitment?	Yes	1	§5 of the Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require paid maternity leave of at least 14 weeks?	Yes	1	§74 of the Labour Law, 2003
Does the law require cash maternity benefit be at least 67% of a worker's former wage?	Yes	1	§48 of Labour Law, 2003; §16-18 of Social Insurance and Universal Health Insurance Law 2006
Does the law require maternity benefit be paid through contributory social insurance or universal benefits system?	Yes	1	§48 of Labour Law, 2003; §16-18 of Social Insurance and Universal Health Insurance Law 2006
Does the law protect workers from dismissals during or on account of pregnancy?	Yes	1	§5, 18 & 25 of Labour Law, 2003

Safe Work

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law require provision of free personal protective equipment to workers from employer?	Yes	1	§10, 18 & 19, Occupational Health and Safety Law No. 6331, 2012; Regulations on the Use of PPE in the Workplace, 2004
Does the law require the employer to train workers on health and safety issues?	Yes	1	§17 of the Occupational Health and Safety Law No. 6331, 2012
Does the law restrict work that is prejudicial to the health of the mother or the child?	Yes	1	§74 & 88 of the Labour Law, 2003; Regulation on Working Conditions of Pregnant or Nursing Woman, 2004
Does the law provide for employment injury benefit?	Yes	1	§74 & 88 of the Labour Law, 2003; Regulation on Working Conditions of Pregnant or Nursing Woman, 2004

Social Security

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law provide for an old age pension?	Yes	1	§28-31 of Social Insurance and Universal Health Insurance Law No. 5510, 2006
Does the law provide for a dependants'/survivors' pension?	Yes	1	§32-33 of Social Insurance and Universal Health Insurance Law No. 5510, 2006
Does the law provide for unemployment benefit?	Yes	1	Unemployment Insurance Law No. 4447, 1999; ISSA Country Profile for Türkiye
Does the law require paid sick leave for the first 6 months of sickness?	Yes	1	Social Insurance Law, 1964; ISSA Country Profile for Türkiye
Does the law provide for invalidity benefit?	Yes	1	§26-27 of Social Insurance and Universal Health Insurance Law No. 5510, 2006; ISSA Country Profile for Türkiye

Fair Treatment

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law require equal remuneration for work of equal value?	Yes	1	§55 of the Constitution, 1982; §5 of the Labour Law, 2003
Does the law prohibit sexual harassment in employment?	Yes	1	Labour Law, 2003; §105 of the Criminal Code, 2004; §417 of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098, 2011
Does the law prohibit discrimination in employment matters?	Yes	1	§10 of the Constitution, 1982; §5 & 99(A) of the Labour Law, 2003
Does the law allow women to do the same jobs as men?	No	0	§48 & 50 of the Constitution, 1982; §72 of the Labour Law, 2003; Regulation on Heavy and Dangerous Work No. 25494, 2004
Does the law guarantee basic labour protections for gig economy workers?	Yes	1	Social Insurance and Universal Health Insurance Law No. 5510, 2006; ISSA Country Profile for Türkiye

Child & Forced Labour

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law prohibit employment of children?	Yes	1	§71 of Labour Law No. 4857, 2003
Does the law set employment entry age equal to or higher than the compulsory schooling age?	No	0	§3 of the Primary Education Law, 2012; Education Reform Law, 1961
Does the law prohibit the employment of children in hazardous work under the age of 18 years?	Yes	1	§71-73 & 85, Labour Law No. 4857, 2003; Regulation No. 25425, 2004; Regulation on Heavy and Dangerous Work No. 25494, 2004
Does the law prohibit forced labour?	Yes	1	§18, 48-50 of the Constitution, 1982; §80 & 117 of the Criminal Code, 2004

Trade Union

Question	Answer	Score	Legal Basis
Does the law allow workers to form and join unions of their own choice?	Yes	1	§33 & 51, Constitution 1982; §18 of Labour Law 2003; §3, 17 & 25 of the Law No. 6356 of 2012
Does the law allow workers to bargain collectively with employers through their representative unions?	No	0	§53, Turkish Constitution, 1982; §33-57, Law on Trade Unions and CBAs No. 6356, 2012
Does the law provide for the right to strike?	No	0	§54 of the Turkish Constitution, 1982; §58-75, Law on Trade Unions and CBAs No. 6356, 2012
Does the law prohibit employers from terminating employment contracts of striking workers?	Yes	1	§54 of the Turkish Constitution, 1982; §66-70, Law on Trade Unions and CBAs No. 6356, 2012