Freedom of Association
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Freedom of Association
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Freedom of Association
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LRI 2024
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Chad

Freedom of Association Indicator

The Labour Rights Index 2024 (LRI 2024) is a de-jure index covering 145 economies and structured around the working lifespan of a worker. In total, 46 questions or evaluation criteria are scored across 10 indicators. The overall score is calculated by taking the average of each indicator, with 100 being the highest possible score. The Index uses a rating system, ranging from “Total Lack of Decent Work” to “Decent Work”. The Labour Rights Index aims at an active contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals, by providing necessary (complementary) insights into de jure provisions on issues covered in particular by SDG8 (Decent Jobs), SDG 5 (Gender Equality), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities) and SDG 16 (Strong Institutions). The Index is based on national labour legislation, applicable on 1 January 2024.

Chad’s overall score is 58 out of 100. The overall score for Chad is lower than the regional average observed across Sub-Saharan Africa (66). Within the Sub-Saharan Africa region, the highest score is observed for Côte d’Ivoire (84.5).

Chad ratified Convention No. 87 on Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise (1948) in 1960 and Convention No. 98 on the Right to Organise and Collective Bargaining (1949) in 1961.

Labour Rights Index 2024

58/100

LRI Country Score

50/100

Freedom of Association Indicator

. %

Trade union density rate (%)

. %

Collective bargaining coverage rate (%)

0.7

SDG indicator 8.8.2

4

ITUC Global Rights Index 2024 Ratings

Question

Answer

Score

Legal Basis

More Info

Does the law allow workers to form and join unions of their own choice?

Yes

1

§29 of the Constitution of Chad 2018; §2 & 294-302 of the Labour Code, 1996

Does the law allow workers to bargain collectively with employers through their representative unions?

Yes

1

§338-342 & 366-373 of the Labour Code, 1996 ; Loi 06-019 2006-05-04

Does the law provide for the right to strike?

No

0

§30, Constitution 2018; §456-461, Labour Code, 1996; CEACR, C87, DR 2022; ITUC Global Rights Index 2024 (Chad Profile); USDOS CRHRP 2023 (Chad)

B,C,D

Does the law prohibit imposing of excessive sanctions against striking workers?

No

0

§456-461, Labour Code, 1996; USDOS CRHRP 2023 (Chad)

D

Textual sources

A : National Law

National Labour Legislation

B : CEACR

CEACR: ILO Committee of Experts on Application of Conventions and Recommendations (latest report)

C : ITUC

ITUC: ITUC Global Rights Index

D : USDOS

USDOS: US Department of States' Country Reports on Human Rights Practices

LRI Country Score
The Labour Rights Index has 10 indicators and 46 sub-indicators. The LRI Country score averages 10 indicators and ranges between 0 and 100. The lowest and highest scorers are Nigeria (29/100) and Belgium/Greece (96/100). https://labourrightsindex.org/  

Freedom of Association Indicator
The Freedom of Association indicator is composed of 4 sub-indicators. Scoring is done through the binary method (0 or 1). The score ranges between 0-100. 

Trade union density rate (%)
The trade union density rate conveys the number of union members who are employees as a percentage of the total number of employees in the country. For updated statistics on trade union density, please check ILOSTAT. 

Collective bargaining coverage rate (%)
The collective bargaining coverage rate conveys the number of employees whose pay and/or conditions of employment are determined by one or more collective agreement(s) as a percentage of the total number of employees in the country. For updated statistics on collective bargaining coverage, please check ILOSTAT. 

SDG indicator 8.8.2
SDG indicator 8.8.2 measures national compliance with fundamental labour rights (freedom of association and collective bargaining or FACB). It ranges from 0 to 10, with 0 being the best possible score (indicating higher levels of compliance with FACB rights) and 10 the worst (indicating lower levels of compliance with FACB rights). It is based on six ILO supervisory body textual sources and national legislation.
For an updated assessment on SDG indicator 8.8.2, please check ILOSTAT. 

ITUC Global Rights Index 2024 Ratings
The ITUC Global Rights Index depicts the world’s worst countries for workers by rating 148 countries on a scale from 1 to 5+ on the degree of respect for workers’ rights. Violations are recorded each year from April to March.  For a detailed description of ratings and methodology, please follow the link. 

Information

Source: §29 of the Constitution of Chad 2018; §2 & 294-302 of the Labour Code, 1996

Information

Source: §338-342 & 366-373 of the Labour Code, 1996 ; Loi 06-019 2006-05-04

Information

Source: §30, Constitution 2018; §456-461, Labour Code, 1996; CEACR, C87, DR 2022; ITUC Global Rights Index 2024 (Chad Profile); USDOS CRHRP 2023 (Chad)

B : CEACR

CEACR: ILO Committee of Experts on Application of Conventions and Recommendations

"Article 3 of the Convention. Right of workers’ and employers’ organizations to organize their administration and activities. In its previous comments, the Committee drew the Government’s attention to the need to take measures to amend the following provisions of Act No. 008/PR/007, of 9 May 2007, regulating the exercise of the right to strike in public services. – section 11(3) of the Act, which imposes the obligation to declare the “possible” duration of a strike (the Committee recalls that trade unions should be able to call strikes of unlimited duration if they so wish); and – sections 20 and 21 of the Act, under which the public authorities have discretion to determine the minimum services and the number of officials and employees who will ensure their maintenance in the event of a strike in the services enumerated in section 19. In this regard, the Committee notes the conclusions and recommendation of the Committee on Freedom of Association in Case No. 3004 (see 375th Report), which emphasized the need to amend Act No. 008/PR/007 to ensure the determination of a minimum service in accordance with the principles of freedom of association and requested the Government to provide detailed information to the Committee of Experts. The Committee notes with regret that the Government confines itself in its report to indicating extremely briefly that measures have been adopted to take into account the Committee’s comments."

C : ITUC

ITUC Global Rights Index (country legal profile)

"The Law of 9 May 2007, which regulates the right to strike in public services, provides for the establishment of a Conciliation Council, the composition of which will be determined by the government, which must deal with any collective dispute. This compulsory procedure considerably delays the moment when a strike can take place. The list of public services considered essential has been significantly expanded. Workers in the audiovisual press, postal services, slaughterhouses and the other nine categories of services are subject to suspension not only by the ministerial authorities in charge but also by local authorities. It should be noted that strikes are permitted in these services provided that minimum services are maintained, but it is the public authorities who determine at their discretion the minimum services required, as well as the number of officials and agents who must guarantee their maintenance."

D : USDOS

USDOS: US Department of States' Country Reports on Human Rights Practices

"Authorities required employees of several public entities classified as essential services, including postal workers, slaughterhouse employees, and nine other categories, to continue to provide a certain level of services during a strike, and stated that they could be “requisitioned” at the government’s discretion during a strike."

Information

Source: §456-461, Labour Code, 1996; USDOS CRHRP 2023 (Chad)

D : USDOS

USDOS: US Department of States' Country Reports on Human Rights Practices

" The law authorized imprisonment with hard labor as punishment for participation in an illegal strike."