Türkiye

"Scope and level of the collective labour agreement ARTICLE 34 - (1) A collective labour agreement may cover one or more workplaces within the same branch of activity. (2) A collective labour agreement may only be concluded at the enterprise level, in workplaces where there is more than one workplace in the same branch of activity belonging to the same legal or natural person or to the same public institution or organization. (3) A group collective labour agreement is concluded between a workers’ and an employers’ trade union to cover the workplaces and enterprises in the same branch of activity belonging to more than one employer. (4) Any dispute concerning the conditions required for workplaces for which enterprise level collective agreement is to be concluded shall be decided within 15 days by the competent courts where the headquarters of enterprise is located. In the event of an appeal, the Supreme Court shall give a final decision within 15 days. Form and duration of a collective labour agreement ARTICLE 35 - (1) A collective labour agreement shall be done in written. (2) A collective labour agreement shall be concluded for a period of not less than one year and not more than three years. After the conclusion of a collective labour agreement, the parties shall not extend or reduce the duration of the agreement or terminate it before the expiration date. (3) Collective labour agreements concluded to apply to work lasting less than one year may cover a period less than one year. The agreement shall apply for the entire year in case the work is not completed. (4) The authorization procedure for a new collective labour agreement may begin within the 120 days before the expiration of a collective labour agreement. The new collective labour agreement shall not enter into force before the expiry of the previous agreement"

"Constitution: ARTICLE 54 Workers have the right to strike during the collective bargaining process if a disagreement arises. The procedures and conditions governing the exercise of this right and the employer’s recourse to a lockout, the scope of, and the exceptions to them shall be regulated by law. The right to strike and lockout shall not be exercised in a manner contrary to the rules of goodwill, to the detriment of society, and in a manner damaging national wealth. The circumstances and workplaces in which strikes and lockouts may be prohibited or postponed shall be regulated by law. In cases where a strike or a lockout is prohibited or postponed, the dispute shall be settled by the Supreme Arbitration Board at the end of the period of postponement. The disputing parties may apply to the Supreme Arbitration Board by mutual agreement at any stage of the dispute. The decisions of the Supreme Arbitration Board shall be final and have the force of a collective labour agreement. The organization and functions of the Supreme Arbitration Board shall be regulated by law. Those who refuse to go on strike shall in no way be barred from working at their workplace by strikers. Law on Trade Unions and Collective Bargaining Agreements Art 60 – (1) The strike decision can be taken within sixty days from the date of notification of the dispute report specified in the fifth paragraph of Article 50 and can be put into effect on a date notified to the other party six working days in advance. If the strike decision is not taken within this period or the date on which it will be put into effect is not notified to the other party, the authority to conclude a collective labor agreement is void. Art 62 – (1) In works to save lives and property; in funeral works and cemeteries; in city mains water, electricity, natural gas, oil production, purification and distribution and in petrochemical works starting from naphtha or natural gas; (…)[11] Strikes and lockouts cannot be carried out in workplaces directly operated by the Ministry of National Defense, the General Command of Gendarmerie and the Coast Guard Command; in fire departments (…)11 (2) The President may prohibit strikes and lockouts in workplaces where he deems necessary, provided that this situation continues in places where natural events significantly affect public life occur. Strikes and lockouts may continue to be implemented within sixty days of the lifting of the ban, provided that the other party is notified six working days in advance. [12] (3) Strikes and lockouts cannot be made in sea, air, rail and land transportation vehicles that have not completed their journeys at their destinations within the country."